Crusher for automobile engines



Feb. 26, 1963 w. R. EMERT 3,0295097 CRUSHER FOR AUTOMOBILE ENGINES v/ Filed March 24, 1961 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.

I IIHIIHIIIII Walter Lfmerf INVENTOR.

Feb. 26, 1963 w. R. EMERT CRUSHER FOR AUTOMOBILE ENGINES Filed March 24, 1961 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 bl Walter R. Emen 1N VEN BY 24mm Feb. 26, 1963 w. R. EMERT 3,079,097

CRUSHER FOR AUTOMOBILE ENGINES Filed March 24, 1961 3 SheetsSheet 3 I It Fig.4

Fig.3

Walter R. Emerf INVENTOR I,. M Ammqs United States Patent 3,079,097 CRUSER FUR AUTQMOBTLE ENGINES Walter R. Emert, R0. Bax 222, Hatfield, Pa. Filed Mar. 24-, 1961, Ser. No. 98,217 4 Claims. (Cl. 241-268) The present invention generally relates to a crusher and more particularly to such a crusher specifically adapted for use in crushing relatively large objects such as automobile engines and the like.

As is well known in the scrap metal industry, it is desirable to separate the different types of metal in order to eliminate certain impurities and undersirable metals. An automobile engine is a prime source of certain types of scrap metal such as cast iron and it is desirable to separate the cast iron of the automobile engine block from the other components which are not constructed of cast iron such as the crankshaft. It is quite time consuming to manually remove the crankshaft and its attached connecting rods and the like since it requires the removal of a considerable number of bolts. Therefore, it is the primary object of the present invention to provide a crusher capable of receiving automobile engine blocks and crushing these blocks in such a manner that the cast iron will be stripped from the crankshaft and the like so that the two different types of metals may be easily separated from each other thereby providing a more elfective classification and separation of the different scrap metals.

In carrying out the purposes of the invention, this invention provides a crusher of the type having cooperating jaws of which at least one jaw is movable relative to the other on a generally horizontal axis extending transversely to the direction of the jaw movement. The jaws cooperate to provide a crushing space therebetween in which the crushing space is downwardly tapered and the movable jaw is pivoted about a stationary axis adjacent the entrance end of the crushing space. The jaw structures of the crusher are constructed in such a manner to prevent the automobile engines from riding upwardly in the crushing space when the swing jaw moves towards the stationary jaw and also the structure which prevents upward movement of the automobile engines also permits easier discharge of the crushed material from the bottom end of the jaws.

Another important object of the present inevntion is to provide a crusher construction in accordance with the preceding object that is simple in construction, highly effective for its particular purposes and generally inexpensive to construct, operate and maintain.

These together with other objects and advantages which will become subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of the crusher of the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal, sectional view taken substantially upon a plane passing along a section line passing through the center of the crusher;

FIGURE 3 is a front view of the stationary jaw of the crusher;

FIGURE 4 is a front view of the movable or swing jaw of the crusher; and

FIGURE 5 is a transverse, sectional view taken substantially upon a plane passing along section line 55 of FIGURE 3 illustrating the details of construction of the jaw.

Referring now specifically to the drawings, the numeral generally designates the crusher which includes any suitable type of frame 12 having a drive shaft 14 journalled thereon by bearings 16. The drive shaft 14 is provided with a centrally disposed eccentric 18 and one end of the shaft 14 is provided with a flywheel 20 and the other end of the shaft is provided with a power pulley 22 receiving a belt 24 driven by a suitable motor 26 which may be an electric motor or internal combustion engine provided with a suitable governor for controlling the rotational speed thereof.

Mounted on the frame 12 is a stationary jaw generally designated by numeral 28 and a movable or swing jaw generally designated by the numeral 30 which is sup ported for oscillation about a transverse shaft 32 mounted on the frame 12 by suitable bearings 34.

A mechanism is provided for oscillating the swing jaw 30 which includes a pitman cap 36 of any suitable split construction to which is attached a pair of downwardly extending and converging pitman rods 38 which are interconnected at their bottom ends by straps 40. Also, the bottom ends of the pitman rods 38 are provided with generally spherical shaped enlargements 42 which are actually in the form of pitman rod nuts. The pitman rod nuts 42 are received in sockets in a pitman rocker 44 which engages the rear end portion of a front toggle 46. The front toggle 46 is connected with the rear" of the swing jaw 30 by a front toggle seat 48. The rear end of the front toggle 46 is provided with a seat 50 receiving the forward end of a rear toggle 52 attached to a rear toggle seat 54. The rear toggle seat 54 is connected to a toggle block 56 which engages part of the frame and is held in place by a toggle block retainer 58. 'The shaft, pitman cap, eccentric, pitman rods and toggle assembly are similar to that employed in a presently available crusher manufactured by Trayler Engineering and Manufacturing Co., of Allentown, Pa., and this construction also includes a tension rod 60 pivotally connected to the swing jaw by a tension rod bolt 62 and being spring biased for urging the swing jaw away from the stationary jaw by virtue of a tension rod spring 64. The swing jaw and stationary jaw both are of hollow construction and include suitable means for removal of and replacement of the crushing jaws.

' Also, the toggle 46 is provided with a jack spring assembly 66 for retaining the rear end of the toggle 46 against the toggle block 44.

The essence of the present invention resides in the specific jaw plate structure including the stationary jaw face or plate structure designated by numeral 68 and the swing jaw face or plate structure designated by numeral 70. The stationary jaw plate structure 68 includes an enlarged plate 72 having a plurality of longitudinally extending ribs or projections 74 thereon which extend from end to end and taper in thickness from the bott m edge upwardly in the manner illustrated in FIGURES 2 and 5 with the thicker portion being adjacent the top although the thicker portion is beveled outwardly as at 76. Also, the spacing between the projecting ribs or bars tapers from the bottom to the top with the distance b tween the bars being greater at the bottom than at the top which provides somewhat of a V-shaped bar or rib construction which serves as a lock or holddown to keep the vehicle engines from riding up when the swinging jaw comes forward into a crushing position. While the dimensions may be varied, representative dimensions which have been successfully employed are as follows. The plate 72 is 36 inches wide and 48 inches high and this plate may slope outwardly slightly at a slight angle to permit the motor to be fed down at the top of the jaws to a crushing position. The plate is preferably 4 inches thick and the bars or ribs 74 are 2 /2 inches wide and the bars 74 have a maximum height of 5 inches at a point where the outward flare 76 starts and they taper downwardly to approximately 2% inches in height at thc bottom The spacing between thebars 74 is 3 inches at the bottom and tapers upwardly to 2 /2 inches at the top as illustrated in FIGURE 3. The outward flare porqam max e d Ym pnr xi a el i inches r evide somewhat of; athroat or entrance to. the jaws so that. the-. engine may reach acrushiiig position. The upward, convergence of, the bars. 74 together with. the. inclined surface iormedby the increase in depth from 2%,. inches, at, the bottomto .5, inches, adjacent: the top provides a holddown. iorthevehicle engine to prevent, the engine froml riding upwardly. against the stationary jaw when the swing jaw moves to a crushing position.

The swing jaw plate 70. includes an enlarged backing plate, 78, with a plurality oi ribs or bars 80 mounted. thereon. The plate; 78 ,may l1e.2 inches thick;,76 inches in;leng th; and 36 inches, wide. The bars 30.,are 3 inches; thick and welded ontoithe 2 inchthick-plate 78; The bars- 8ll starit adjacent, the: bottom withaheight of iinehes and taper downtota height of 3 inches, adjacent the top, The bottom ends of the; bars are; flared; outwardly as; at, 82. for facilitating; discharge of crushed, material. A150,, the bans, till-are spaced. apart, 3, inches, at: the; top, and:-

diverge, downwardlygandare; spaced: apart approximately:

3. /3 inches ahthepbottom thusqallowing thezcrushed cast; metaL -idmp betw c t eb t m t jaw assemblies; ats-e o r ae e vex r; em enera y s ee nated byinumcralfi lgand which: may beoi anyl conventionalrconstruction,

In employing the dimensions, a: movement. .of shesn t etcr h nei w was obtain d r -prov n eccentric, haying sufii-cient eccentricity to provide the crus ingjawwith; a 1 /2. inch, compressionstrokm This; was necessary, in order, to get; sufficient crushing throw, 3. 14 ;,Wingjawjnasmuchfas cast iron will bend slightly before, it acually breaks. Also, the erushingjaw is in. a nearly vertical positionwhen engaged by an automobile engine thus further preventing upward. riding movement of the vehiele-engine,

Inactualpractice a relatively; large number of: a uto-.-

motive vehicle;engjnes ineluding the' block andcrankshaftassembly zhave tbecndropped into the crusherin a: giventimeauddhese engines-have beenefiectively crushed; and the crankshaft assemblies have been. eliectively, sepae, rated from the cast; iron blocleand. related housings. This greatly facilitates the reduction ofthe scrap, metal; into its .proper; classifieations, and elirninatesl considerable impurities that would be present ii thezcast tironflwas not; separated from the other metals.

The oregoingisuso si ered as illustrative-1.0 3 ott e principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those, skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed asnew is as follows;

1. A material crusher. comprising, in combination, a pair of generally upstanding coacting stationary and pivoted jaws fer'receiving material to be crushed therebetween,, saidjaws including opposed faces comprising plates and furthen comprising spaced, vertical, staggeredribs of uniform width iromend to end on said plates and. coextensive therewith, said=, ribs= being downwardly divergentand defining, in conjunction; withthe plates, a. plurality of gradually, continuously and uniformly, up wardlytapered. open-end grooves for. the. discharge, by; gravity oicrushed material; from between thejaws,

2. A material crusher; in accordance with claim-.1, the ribs on one oi the plates progressively increasingin; height toward their upper ends and terminating in re versely beveled-upper end portions forfacilitatingathe ent y of thc material.

3. A material-crusher in accordance with claim .1,-the., ribs-on one of said plates progressively-increasing iniheightl toward their lower ends and terminating in reverselybeveledlower end portions for facilitating the discharge of the material.

4;, A- mate-rial crusher in accordance withclairn 1, the ribs progressively increasing; inv height from opposite; ends; of; their respective plates; towardtheother ends, oft said respective plates and terminating in, oppositely beveled end, portions for facilitating: the entry and dischargeofthernaterial. I

Referencesfiitedin the file oi this patent; UNITED STIATES'PA'llENflS'- 

1. A MATERIAL CRUSHER COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, A PAIR OF GENERALLY UPSTANDING COACTING STATIONARY AND PIVOTED JAWS FOR RECEIVING MATERIAL TO BE CRUSHED THEREBETWEEN, SAID JAWS INCLUDING OPPOSED FACES COMPRISING PLATES AND FURTHER COMPRISING SPACED, VERTICAL, STAGGERED RIBS OF UNIFORM WIDTH FROM END TO END ON SAID PLATES AND COEXTENSIVE THEREWITH, SAID RIBS BEING DOWNWARDLY DIVERGENT AND DEFINING, IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PLATES, A PLURALITY OF GRADUALLY, CONTINUOUSLY AND UNIFORMLY, UPWARDLY TAPERED OPEN-END GROOVES FOR THE DISCHARGE BY GRAVITY OF CRUSHED MATERIAL FROM BETWEEN THE JAWS. 